Discover Şanlıurfa: The Cradle of Civilization in Southeastern Türkiye

If you're planning a trip to Turkey and looking to go beyond the usual tourist paths of Istanbul or Cappadocia, then Şanlıurfa—often simply called Urfa—is a must-visit destination. Known as the City of Prophets and home to the world’s oldest temple, this southeastern gem offers an unforgettable journey through history, flavor, and culture.

Göbeklitepe: The World's Oldest Temple

Just 20 kilometers outside the city lies Göbeklitepe, a UNESCO World Heritage site that has changed everything we thought we knew about early human civilization. Dating back to around 9600 BCE, this archaeological wonder predates Stonehenge by 6,000 years. Its massive T-shaped stone pillars, some decorated with intricate carvings of animals, suggest a highly sophisticated society of hunter-gatherers.

For travelers interested in history, anthropology, or archaeology, Göbeklitepe is a once-in-a-lifetime experience. Guided tours are available, and the visitor center provides insightful exhibitions and 3D reconstructions to help you visualize life 12,000 years ago.

Şanlıurfa’s Sacred Center: Balıklıgöl and the Story of Abraham

Şanlıurfa holds deep religious significance for Muslims, Christians, and Jews alike. One of its most iconic spots is Balıklıgöl (the Pool of Sacred Fish), where local legend says the Prophet Abraham was thrown into the fire by King Nimrod—only for God to turn the flames into water and the burning wood into fish. Today, the pool is teeming with sacred carp that locals believe should not be harmed.

The nearby Halil-ur-Rahman Mosque, ancient bazaars, and the Urfa Castle provide a rich backdrop of history and faith. The old city’s winding alleys and traditional architecture offer a beautiful contrast to modern life.

A Culinary Paradise: Don’t Leave Hungry

Food is a cornerstone of Şanlıurfa’s identity. The city is famous for its bold and spicy cuisine that combines Middle Eastern and Anatolian influences.

• Çiğ Köfte: A spicy mixture of bulgur, tomato paste, and spices traditionally made with raw meat (now often vegan-friendly). It’s a local favorite and a must-try.

• Urfa Kebab: Milder than its cousin from Adana, this skewer of ground lamb is rich in flavor and cooked over open flames.

• Lahmacun: Often called Turkish pizza, this thin flatbread topped with minced meat and herbs is perfect for a quick bite.

• Künefe: For dessert lovers, this sweet cheese pastry soaked in syrup is an indulgent treat.

  
  

Be sure to visit Gümrük Hanı, a historic Ottoman-era caravanserai turned café hub, for a glass of strong Urfa-style coffee and a traditional music performance.

Local Culture and Handicrafts

Urfa is also known for its traditional music called sıra gecesi, an intimate gathering of singing, poetry, and food. Some restaurants even offer live performances where you can experience the cultural richness firsthand.

Don't forget to check out the Urfa Bazaars, where you can find local handwoven textiles, silver jewelry, and the region’s signature spices and peppers. The Şanlıurfa Archeology Museum is also worth a visit, especially to explore artifacts from Göbeklitepe and beyond.

Travel Tips

• Best time to visit: Spring (April–May) and autumn (September–October) offer pleasant temperatures and fewer crowds.

• Getting there: Şanlıurfa GAP Airport offers direct flights from major Turkish cities like Istanbul and Ankara.

• Dress modestly: While Urfa is welcoming to foreigners, it's a conservative region, so modest attire is appreciated, especially at religious sites.

• Language: Turkish is spoken widely, and some locals also speak Arabic or Kurdish. English is limited but improving, especially in tourism spots.

  

  Photo by Ahmet RÜZGAR on Unsplash

Ready to Explore?

Şanlıurfa is more than just a stop on the map—it’s an ancient city alive with stories, flavors, and sacred landmarks. Whether you're a history enthusiast, a spiritual seeker, or a foodie, Urfa offers a deep and meaningful travel experience that’s hard to forget.

Start planning your adventure with Planium App and uncover the timeless wonders of Şanlıurfa.